RESUMO
Lung cancer remains a major global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated potential as a treatment for lung cancer. We aim to evaluate nintedanib's efficacy in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), depending on the available evidence. Our search for relevant articles was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved adult patients with NSCLC up to August 15, 2023. These trials compared the combination of nintedanib and chemotherapy to either placebo plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone. Our main outcomes include progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). We utilized the Review Manager Software V.5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration) to analyze all relevant data. Three identified trials, which included 2270 patients, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Our analysis showed significantly improved PFS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71-0.88, P < 0.0001) in patients receiving nintedanib compared to placebo. However, OS was not statistically significant (HR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.88-1.05, P = 0.35). In conclusion, a combination of nintedanib and chemotherapy in treating patients with NSCLC was associated with improved PFS than chemotherapy alone but not with improved OS. Further clinical trials assessing nintedanib in the setting of NSCLC are necessary before any further recommendations can be made.